A Prospective Study of Haematological Parameters in Neonatal Sepsis

Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. Early diagnosis is difficult due to nonspecific clinical features. Haematological parameters are simple, rapid, and cost-effective tools that can aid in early diagnosis.

Objectives: To evaluate haematological parameters in neonatal sepsis and assess their diagnostic significance.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 100 neonates with suspected sepsis. Haematological parameters including total leukocyte count, immature-to-total neutrophil ratio, platelet count, C-reactive protein, and Micro erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Micro ESR) were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.

Results: Culture-proven sepsis was observed in 46% neonates. Thrombocytopenia (48%), elevated I/T ratio (44%), raised CRP (67%), and raised Micro ESR (52%) were common abnormalities. Significant association was found between abnormal haematological parameters and culture positivity (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Haematological parameters are reliable screening tools for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and should be routinely used in clinical practice.

Keywords: Neonatal sepsis; haematological parameters; thrombocytopenia; I/T ratio; C-reactive protein; Micro ESR