Clinicopathological Spectrum of Colorectal Polyps in a Tertiary Care Center

Abstract

Background: Colorectal polyps comprise a wide range of mucosal lesions encountered during colonoscopic evaluation, and their clinical significance varies depending on histological type and associated dysplasia. Timely detection and accurate histopathological assessment of these lesions remain central to colorectal cancer prevention.

Objectives: The study was conducted to evaluate the clinicopathological features of colorectal polyps and to analyze their distribution with respect to demographic profile, site, histology, and dysplasia.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed at Shri Balaji Institute of Medical Science over a three-year period. One hundred colorectal polyp specimens received in the Department of Pathology were included. Available clinical and endoscopic details were reviewed, and all specimens were examined histologically using routine hematoxylin and eosin staining. Statistical analysis was carried out using descriptive methods and the chi-square test.

Results: Neoplastic polyps formed the majority of cases, among which adenomatous polyps were most frequently identified. Dysplasia was observed predominantly in adenomatous polyps, and this association was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Adenomatous polyps formed the majority of colorectal polyps in the present study and were often associated with dysplastic changes. Careful histopathological assessment of all colorectal polyp specimens is therefore important in routine practice.

Keywords:

Colorectal polyps, adenoma, dysplasia, histopathology, retrospective study