Prevalence of Ocular Problems in Multiple Transfused Children with Thalassemia Major

Abstract

Children with thalassemia major often require multiple blood transfusions throughout their life to manage the condition. While transfusions are crucial for survival, they can lead to several complications, including ocular problems. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and types of ocular problems in children with thalassemia major who have undergone multiple blood transfusions. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 children diagnosed with thalassemia major, aged 5-15 years, who had received regular blood transfusions. A comprehensive eye examination was performed to assess visual acuity, refractive errors, cataracts, retinal changes, and corneal abnormalities. The study found that 60% of the children had some form of ocular abnormality, with refractive errors (34%), cataracts (25%), and retinal changes (18%) being the most common. Other findings included keratopathy and strabismus. The study concludes that multiple blood transfusions in children with thalassemia major may lead to various ocular complications, emphasizing the need for regular ophthalmological evaluations in these patients. Early detection and management of these problems can help in preventing further deterioration of vision.

Keywords: Thalassemia major, ocular problems, multiple transfusions, refractive errors, cataracts, retinal changes, eye complications.