Assessing Pre and Per-Operative Predictors of Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Abstract

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a widely performed procedure to treat symptomatic gallbladder disease. However, it can be complicated in certain cases, leading to increased operative time, conversion to open surgery, and post-operative morbidity. Identifying pre-operative and per-operative factors that predict a difficult LC can help improve patient management and surgical outcomes. This study aims to assess the pre- and per-operative predictors of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Factors such as patient demographics, medical history, and intraoperative findings were evaluated. The study concludes that age, obesity, gallbladder wall thickness, and the presence of acute cholecystitis are significant predictors of difficulty during LC. Early recognition of these factors can guide surgeons in better preparation, optimize surgical strategies, and minimize complications.

Keywords: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, difficult surgery, predictors, pre-operative, per-operative, gallbladder disease, acute cholecystitis