Immunoglobulin

Authors

  • Hitesh Kumar Research Scholar, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shrinathji Institute of Pharmacy, Upali Oden, Nathdwara, Dist-Rajsamand (Raj.)-313301 India
  • D. B. Joshi Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shrinathji Institute of Pharmacy, Upali Oden, Nathdwara, Dist-Rajsamand (Raj.)-313301 India
  • R. S. Bhadauria Principal, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shrinathji Institute of Pharmacy, Upali Oden, Nathdwara, Dist-Rajsamand (Raj.)-313301 India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32553/ijmbs.v6i12.2637

Keywords:

S Immunoglobulin, Antigen, Antibody, fab, Plasma cell, immune system, Immunity, serum, Lymphocytes

Abstract

An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cell that is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the pathogen, called an antigen, via the fragment antigen binding (Fab) variable region. Each tip of the "Y" of an antibody contains a paratope (analogous to a lock) that is specific for one particular epitope (similarly, analogous to a key) on an antigen, allowing these two structures to bind together with precision. Using this binding mechanism, an antibody can tag a microbe or an infected cell for attack by other parts of the immune system, or can neutralize its target directly (for example, by inhibiting a part of a microbe that is essential for its invasion and survival). Depending on the antigen, the binding may impede the biological process causing the disease or may activate macrophages to destroy the foreign substance. The ability of an antibody to communicate with the other components of the immune system is mediated via its Fc region (located at the base of the "Y"), which contains a conserved glycosylation site involved in these interactions. The production of antibodies is the main function of the humoral immune system.

Downloads

Published

2022-12-15

How to Cite

Kumar, H. ., Joshi, D. B. ., & Bhadauria, R. S. . (2022). Immunoglobulin. International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies, 6(12). https://doi.org/10.32553/ijmbs.v6i12.2637

Issue

Section

Research Articles