FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH A SEVERE ASTHMA IN ASTHMATIC ADOLESCENT PATIENTS

Abstract

Introduction: The present study aims to determine the frequency of severe asthma in asthma patients followed at the National Hospital of Pneumo-Phtisiology (CNHPP) of Cotonou and to identify the risk factors associated with it

Methods: The cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study focused on 213 asthmatic patients in the 2013 active file of the CNHPP. The data were collected through the use of files and individual interviews with patients. They were processed and analyzed using EPIINFO7 and STATA11 software. Pearson's Chi 2 test, unvaried and multivariate logistic regression were used at the significance level of 0.05

Results: A total of 154 asthmatic patients, ie 72.7%, answered the questionnaire. Among them 20.8% (95% CI: (14.67; 28.05)) suffered from severe asthma. Patient ages ranged from 10 to 76 years with a median of 41 years; 51.3% were female, 79.9% had a history of allergy, 61.7% started their asthma after the age of 12, and only 11% had used or consumed tobacco. The factors associated with the onset of severe asthma were: age 46 to 55 years (p = 0.04); the third and fourth quintiles of economic well-being (p = 0.01) and the onset of asthma after the age of 12 (p <0.001)

Conclusion: The study showed a high frequency of severe asthma in Benin and will improve its management at the CNHPP.

Keywords: Severe asthma, patients, associated factors, Benin